Winsor & Newton Cotman Watercolor 

pigment
By replacing some high-cost pigments with low-cost choices, the price of pigments remains at an economic level. The sources of pigments are the following: some are natural products, especially earth pigments such as dark brown and ochre; some are from metal compounds, sometimes called “traditional” or “pure”, for example Ultramarine blue.

After oil refining, large amounts of organic pigments can be produced, often referred to as "modern" pigments. Many of the pigments used in the song are organic pigments.

Pigments Product Series
The 40 pigments in this series are selected according to the primary colors (primary colors in the tube), subtractive colors (white color deviations added), color strength, opacity, and characteristics of the pigment itself. The resulting pigment chromatograms guarantee the maximum amount of pigment mix.

The Cotman watercolor product line has better consistency than the artist's watercolor product line, which is good for beginners who do not want to know too much about the characteristics of various colorants. There is a certain correlation between Cotman's watercolor and the artist's watercolor series of Windsor & Newton. For example, the familiar colors of the two series have the same hue. This allows the artist to use the two series without having to adjust the technique too much.

Transparency
Because the watercolor coating is very thin, all the colors appear more or less transparent when painting on paper. The pigments used in the Goong series are highly transparent.

Particles
In general, traditional pigments are all granular, such as earth pigments and ultramarine blue. Modern organic pigments do not have the problem of particles, such as Goevin Hue pigments. If you want to avoid granulation in your paintings, use distilled water to reduce granulation, especially in areas where the water quality is very hard.

Coloring
Modern organic pigments, such as Gore tone pigments, are made from very fine particles, making them strongly adherent on paper. Traditional pigments, such as earth pigments, can be easily wiped off the paper.

Light fastness
In Gothic Watercolors, AA or A grades are considered lightfastness levels that can be used by artists. To confirm the light fastness of a pigment, see the grade in the chromatogram or the label on the Song of the watercolor tube/box.

Hue
"Hue" refers to "traditional colors" made using modern pigments instead of traditional pigments. For example, in the Geylang watercolor, "light cadmium red Hue" refers to a "light red that closely resembles light cadmium red in color," and cadmium metal is not actually used therein. Marking the Hue series of pigments may not be a bad thing, and this series is partly due to the health considerations of avoiding the use of heavy metals.

Color mixing
Both the Govin watercolor and the artist's watercolor can be freely mixed. If the song requires long-term light fastness, AA or A grade pigments recommended for use by the artist should be used. The three main pigments in Govin's watercolor are lemon yellow Hue, ultramarine, and permanent rose red. If a six-color blend system is used, we recommend lemon yellow Hue, light cadmium yellow Hue, ultramarine blue, dark blue, permanent rose red, and cadmium red Hue.

White in this series
From a traditional point of view, the whiteness of the paper can provide brightness to the watercolor and make the color brighter. However, some artists use Chinese white to highlight or dim some colors to achieve this effect.

Upgrade to artist watercolor
Watercolor is more dependent on the changing characteristics of the colorant used than any other mediator to achieve results. Therefore, being able to choose from the widest range of coloring products means that you have greater choice and flexibility to develop your artwork and skills.

Upgrading to the artist's range of watercolors means that you will have a wider and more balanced pigment chromatogram to choose from, which gives you the richest choice of pigments and unsurpassed pigment brightness and transparency.